1）代詞及be動詞

　　主格 I we you you she/he/it they

　　賓格 me us you you her/him/it them

　　代詞所有格 my our your your her/his/its their

　　名詞性代詞 mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirs

　　be動詞現在時 Am are are are is are

　　be動詞過去時 was were were were was were

　　2）名詞的復數

　　規則變化的名詞復數形式

　　規則1 一般情況+s e.g. shell→shells  toy→toys

　　規則2 以s, x, ch, sh結尾+es e.g. fox→foxes  church→churches

　　規則3 以o結尾+s或+es e.g. radio→radios  potato→potatoes

　　規則4 以f, fe結尾的，變f, fe為ves e.g. life→lives  half→halves

　　規則5 以輔音字母+y結尾， 變y為i+es e.g. sky→skies  study→studies

　　3）動詞的第三人稱單數形式

　　規則1 一般情況+s e.g. like-likes, look-looks

　　規則2 以s, x, ch, sh和o結尾+es e.g. do-does, catch-catches

　　規則3 以輔音字母+y結尾， 變y為i+es e.g. carry-carries, fly-flies