(否定句)I haven't an eraser.    (疑問(wèn)句)Do you have an eraser?
　　2. We have lunch at school.
　誤：We have not lunch at school.  正：We don't have lunch at school.
Do 的四作用
動(dòng)詞do在句中的作用可以概述為四句十二字："做"實(shí)義，助動(dòng)詞，替前文，強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。
　　作用一：實(shí)義do
　　do作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，有do, does, did, done, doing五種形式，還有及物、不及物之分。如：
　　1. vt. "做；研究；整理；完成"。如：
　　①The old man does an hour of sport every day.
　　②She did her homework at home last night.
　　③Mother was doing the cooking when I reached home.
　　④Have you done the exercises yet?
　　2. vi. "行動(dòng)；工作；進(jìn)展；足夠"。如：
　　① Kate does very well in her Chinese.
　　② How do you do?   ③   Well done!     ④ That will do.
　　作用二：助動(dòng)do
　　do作助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，只有do, does, did三種形式，無(wú)詞義，限用于含行為動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)的否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。如：
　　①They don't have any tickets for tonight's concert.
　　②Kate stayed at home last night, didn't she?
　　③How many books does the library have?
　　④She doesn't do the washing in the evening.
　　作用三：替代do
　為避免動(dòng)詞的重復(fù)，使語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)練，常以do, does, did替代前文所用的行為動(dòng)詞。如：
　　①Tom runs much faster than you do.
　②-Lucy, can you get some more tea, please? -Sure. I'll do it right away.
　　②-Who broke the cup?   　-Mimi did.
　　③-I like bananas.    -So does he.
　　作用四：語(yǔ)氣do
　　為突出感情色彩，do常用于祈使句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句和倒裝句中，以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。如：
① Do be careful.    ② Don't tell a lie.
  ③ He did come.
　　④ -You often go to the park.  -So we do.

愁眉不展的助動(dòng)詞did
　　1. 到底何時(shí)使用did？
　　did和其它助動(dòng)詞一樣，本身無(wú)意義，自己不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)，只能和其它主要?jiǎng)釉~一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，用于構(gòu)成一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句和疑問(wèn)句，當(dāng)然也常常用于代替上文中的行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。如:
　　　I didn't go to school last Sunday. 上周日我沒(méi)上學(xué)。
　　　Did you buy a new pen yesterday? 昨天你買(mǎi)了枝新鋼筆嗎？
　　　2. did身后的動(dòng)詞到底用什么形式？
　　　有的小朋友總不注意did身后的動(dòng)詞用什么形式，在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，
did身后的動(dòng)詞必須用原形。  “他昨天沒(méi)有在家吃午飯。”
　　　[誤] He didn't had lunch at home yesterday.
　　　[正] He didn't have lunch at home yesterday.
　　3. 我能用be動(dòng)詞代替嗎？
不管怎么說(shuō)，含有行為(實(shí)義)動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的肯定句變成否定句或疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，不能用be動(dòng)詞，必須用到did！含be動(dòng)詞的句子構(gòu)成否定句或疑問(wèn)句都絕不會(huì)讓
did露面！  例句：They went to the park last week. (改為否定句)
　　　[誤] They weren't go to the park last week.
　　　[正] They didn't go to the park last week.
　　
Be 的四功能  be是一個(gè)多功能動(dòng)詞，在初級(jí)英語(yǔ)里可見(jiàn)四種用法：
　　功能一，系動(dòng)詞be
　　be為連系動(dòng)詞，中心詞義是"是"，句型為"主＋系＋表"結(jié)構(gòu)。be的形式常用am, is, are(現(xiàn)在式)；was, were(過(guò)去式)；will/can/may/must be(助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋原形)；have/has/had been(助動(dòng)詞＋過(guò)去分詞)等。如：
　　To help animals is helping people.(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))
　　The twins were very busy yesterday.(一般過(guò)去時(shí))
　　It will be sunny tomorrow.(一般將來(lái)時(shí))
　　She has been ill for over a week.(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))
　　功能二，助動(dòng)詞be
　　助動(dòng)詞be，無(wú)詞義，輔助主要?jiǎng)釉~一起在句中作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。用法如下：
　　1. be+doing：構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，有現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去兩種進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如：
　　The girls is reading and copying the new words now.
　　Young Tom was always asking questions and trying out new ideas.
　　2. be+done：構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，done必須是及物動(dòng)詞)。如：
　　Tea is grown in my hometown.(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
　　This building was built three years ago.(一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
　　Our classroom has been cleaned and tidied already.(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
　　How could this kind of cakes be made in your home?(含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
　　That is a day never to be forgotten.(動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
　　3. be+going to do，表示"打算或?qū)⒁�做某�?quot;，be有現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去兩種形式。如：
　　We are going to plant trees in the park.
　　I didn't know if she was going to come here.
　　4. be+to do，表示"按計(jì)劃安排將要做某事"。如：
The new shop is not to be opened till next Monday.
One night an angel came to Mary and told her that she was to have this special boy.
　　功能三，there be
　　there be句式為：there be+主語(yǔ)部分＋狀語(yǔ)部分，表示"某處存在某物"，be常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，過(guò)去時(shí)和將來(lái)時(shí)等。如：
　　Oh, cool! And there are many things to see. There is even a deer park in Sanya.
　　There are about 80 pyramids in Egypt.
　　Will there be a football match in your school next week?
　　功能四，實(shí)義be
　　可以將be視為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，因?yàn)樗�具有�?shí)際的詞義，如"成為;做;發(fā)生;舉行;逗留;到達(dá)"等。如：
　　His daughter wants to be a doctor for animals in her twenties.
　　Kate's birthday party will be at half past six this evening.
　　Jim has been in China for more than two years, but he has not yet been to Yichang.
打開(kāi)“like文檔”
like既可作動(dòng)詞，又可作介詞。在使用它時(shí)要好好分辨它的詞性。否則，還真容易混淆。下面是我為大家創(chuàng)建的"like文檔"，打開(kāi)它，like用法一目了然。
　　【文檔1】like作動(dòng)詞，意為"喜歡；愛(ài)好"。
　　1.like+名詞(代詞)表示"喜歡某人或某物"。
　　【操練】Mary likes apples a lot. 瑪麗非常喜歡蘋(píng)果。
　　2.like doing (sth.) 表示"喜歡做某事"，它側(cè)重于經(jīng)常性地喜歡做某事。
　　【操練】She likes reading. 她喜歡閱讀。
　　3.like to do (sth.) 表示"喜歡做(某事)"，它側(cè)重于具體的、一次性的動(dòng)作或行為，也表示偶然喜歡做某事。
　　【操練】I like playing football, but I like to play basketball today. 我喜歡踢足球，但今天我喜歡打籃球。
　　4. would like sth. / would like to do sth.表示"想要某物"/"想要做某事"。would like短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于want，但它比want的語(yǔ)氣更委婉。
　　【操練】I would like some cakes. 我想要些蛋糕。
　　I would like to have dumplings. 我想吃餃子。
　　5.would like sb. to do sth.表示"想要某人做某事"。
　　【操練】I'd like you to go shopping with me.我想要你和我一起去購(gòu)物。
　　【相關(guān)鏈接】表示喜歡的程度。如"很(非常)喜歡"，可在句式后加上a lot, a little或very much等。表示"不喜歡(做某事)……"，可用"don't / doesn't like (doing/ to do sth.)"，有時(shí)我們可在其后加上at all來(lái)表示不喜歡的程度。
　　【文檔2】like作介詞，意為"跟……一樣；像……"。
　　1.like后接名詞、代詞作賓語(yǔ)。
　　【操練】Don't throw it like this. 不要像這樣扔。
　　2.like分別與be和look構(gòu)成be like，look like短語(yǔ)意為"看來(lái)像……一樣"。
　　【操練】She is like her mother. 她長(zhǎng)得像她的母親。

Some 與 Any